SQLite 語法
SQLite 語法
資料來源: http://www.runoob.com/sqlite/sqlite-syntax.html
SQLite 是遵循一套獨特的稱為語法的規則和準則。本教程列出了所有基本的 SQLite 語法,向您提供了一個 SQLite 快速入門。
大小寫敏感性
有個重要的點值得注意,SQLite 是不區分大小寫的,但也有一些命令是大小寫敏感的,比如 GLOB 和 glob 在 SQLite 的語句中有不同的含義。
注釋
SQLite 注釋是附加的注釋,可以在 SQLite 代碼中添加注釋以增加其可讀性,他們可以出現在任何空白處,包括在運算式內和其他 SQL 語句的中間,但它們不能嵌套。
SQL 注釋以兩個連續的 “-” 字元(ASCII 0x2d)開始,並擴展至下一個分行符號(ASCII 0x0a)或直到輸入結束,以先到者為准。
您也可以使用 C 風格的注釋,以 “/*” 開始,並擴展至下一個 “*/” 字元對或直到輸入結束,以先到者為准。SQLite的注釋可以跨越多行。
sqlite>.help — This is a single line comment
SQLite 語句
所有的 SQLite 語句可以以任何關鍵字開始,如 SELECT、INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE、ALTER、DROP 等,所有的語句以分號(;)結束。
SQLite ANALYZE 語句:
ANALYZE;
or
ANALYZE database_name;
or
ANALYZE database_name.table_name;
SQLite AND/OR 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION–1 {AND|OR} CONDITION–2;
SQLite ALTER TABLE 語句:
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_def…;
SQLite ALTER TABLE 語句(Rename):
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;
SQLite ATTACH DATABASE 語句:
ATTACH DATABASE ‘DatabaseName’ As ‘Alias-Name’;
SQLite BEGIN TRANSACTION 語句:
BEGIN;
or
BEGIN EXCLUSIVE TRANSACTION;
SQLite BETWEEN 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name BETWEEN val–1 AND val–2;
SQLite COMMIT 語句:
COMMIT;
SQLite CREATE INDEX 語句:
CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column_name COLLATE NOCASE );
SQLite CREATE UNIQUE INDEX 語句:
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column1, column2,…columnN);
SQLite CREATE TABLE 語句:
CREATE TABLE table_name(
column1 datatype,
column2 datatype,
column3 datatype,
…..
columnN datatype,
PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns )
);
SQLite CREATE TRIGGER 語句:
CREATE TRIGGER database_name.trigger_name
BEFORE INSERT ON table_name FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
stmt1;
stmt2;
….
END;
SQLite CREATE VIEW 語句:
CREATE VIEW database_name.view_name AS
SELECT statement….;
SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE 語句:
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING weblog( access.log );
or
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING fts3( );
SQLite COMMIT TRANSACTION 語句:
COMMIT;
SQLite COUNT 子句:
SELECT COUNT(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION;
SQLite DELETE 語句:
DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE {CONDITION};
SQLite DETACH DATABASE 語句:
DETACH DATABASE ‘Alias-Name’;
SQLite DISTINCT 子句:
SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name;
SQLite DROP INDEX 語句:
DROP INDEX database_name.index_name;
SQLite DROP TABLE 語句:
DROP TABLE database_name.table_name;
SQLite DROP VIEW 語句:
DROP VIEW view_name;
SQLite DROP TRIGGER 語句:
DROP TRIGGER trigger_name
SQLite EXISTS 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name EXISTS (SELECT * FROM table_name );
SQLite EXPLAIN 語句:
EXPLAIN INSERT statement…;
or
EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT statement…;
SQLite GLOB 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name GLOB { PATTERN };
SQLite GROUP BY 子句:
SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name;
SQLite HAVING 子句:
SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING (arithematic function condition);
SQLite INSERT INTO 語句:
INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2….columnN)
VALUES ( value1, value2….valueN);
SQLite IN 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name IN (val–1, val–2,…val–N);
SQLite Like 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE { PATTERN };
SQLite NOT IN 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name NOT IN (val–1, val–2,…val–N);
SQLite ORDER BY 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};
SQLite PRAGMA 語句:
PRAGMA pragma_name;
For example:
PRAGMA page_size;
PRAGMA cache_size = 1024;
PRAGMA table_info(table_name);
SQLite RELEASE SAVEPOINT 語句:
RELEASE savepoint_name;
SQLite REINDEX 語句:
REINDEX collation_name;
REINDEX database_name.index_name;
REINDEX database_name.table_name;
SQLite ROLLBACK 語句:
ROLLBACK;
or
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;
SQLite SAVEPOINT 語句:
SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;
SQLite SELECT 語句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name;
SQLite UPDATE 語句:
UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2….columnN=valueN
[ WHERE CONDITION ];
SQLite VACUUM 語句:
VACUUM;
SQLite WHERE 子句:
SELECT column1, column2….columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION;