加密算法的Python實現
加密算法的Python實現
資料來源: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI0OTc0MzAwNA==&mid=2247487280&idx=1&sn=7df3d387858fbd7a1038590f092e794e&chksm=e98d9cc3defa15d54afa2105ffe16d8b220c9a4f8b605465451f11b0188ca00b70c2b4e3fc66&scene=126&sessionid=1590656229&key=92af3b4f675ed7b95b9ac578c18e16c5361ce2ce5ce642b4832de5c7f4c467cdfb9ae15593cba4348963bb62acc3999be98a89b6945097d26a6746be1992356d1967e03f3d586a052d9b02d06420ca87&ascene=1&uin=MjIwODk2NDgxNw%3D%3D&devicetype=Windows+10+x64&version=62090070&lang=zh_TW&exportkey=Ag%2FERj3%2BgOHhUIrLp2DIiGs%3D&pass_ticket=f2btuhQtjpwawpmYVZ5nuy81oqKtACunlDAuNeh9SS47I17w1KZHbkl2MIP5tqMa
一、MD5加密
import hashlib m = hashlib.md5() m.update(str.encode("utf8")) print(m.hexdigest())
二、SHA1加密
import hashlib sha1 = hashlib.sha1() data = '2333333' sha1.update(data.encode('utf-8')) sha1_data = sha1.hexdigest() print(sha1_data)
三、HMAC加密
import hmac import hashlib # 第一个参数是密钥key,第二个参数是待加密的字符串,第三个参数是hash函数 mac = hmac.new('key','hello',hashlib.md5) mac.digest() # 字符串的ascii格式 mac.hexdigest() # 加密后字符串的十六进制格式
四、DES加密
import binascii from pyDes import des, CBC, PAD_PKCS5 # 需要安装 pip install pyDes def des_encrypt(secret_key, s): iv = secret_key k = des(secret_key, CBC, iv, pad=None, padmode=PAD_PKCS5) en = k.encrypt(s, padmode=PAD_PKCS5) return binascii.b2a_hex(en) def des_decrypt(secret_key, s): iv = secret_key k = des(secret_key, CBC, iv, pad=None, padmode=PAD_PKCS5) de = k.decrypt(binascii.a2b_hex(s), padmode=PAD_PKCS5) return de secret_str = des_encrypt('12345678', 'I love YOU~') print(secret_str) clear_str = des_decrypt('12345678', secret_str) print(clear_str)
五、AES加密
import base64 from Crypto.Cipher import AES ''' AES对称加密算法 ''' # 需要补位,str不是16的倍数那就补足为16的倍数 def add_to_16(value): while len(value) % 16 != 0: value += '\0' return str.encode(value) # 返回bytes # 加密方法 def encrypt(key, text): aes = AES.new(add_to_16(key), AES.MODE_ECB) # 初始化加密器 encrypt_aes = aes.encrypt(add_to_16(text)) # 先进行aes加密 encrypted_text = str(base64.encodebytes(encrypt_aes), encoding='utf-8') # 执行加密并转码返回bytes return encrypted_text # 解密方法 def decrypt(key, text): aes = AES.new(add_to_16(key), AES.MODE_ECB) # 初始化加密器 base64_decrypted = base64.decodebytes(text.encode(encoding='utf-8')) # 优先逆向解密base64成bytes decrypted_text = str(aes.decrypt(base64_decrypted), encoding='utf-8').replace('\0', '') # 执行解密密并转码返回str return decrypted_text
六、RSA加密
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- # reference codes: https://www.jianshu.com/p/7a4645691c68 import base64 import rsa from rsa import common # 使用 rsa库进行RSA签名和加解密 class RsaUtil(object): PUBLIC_KEY_PATH = 'xxxxpublic_key.pem' # 公钥 PRIVATE_KEY_PATH = 'xxxxxprivate_key.pem' # 私钥 # 初始化key def __init__(self, company_pub_file=PUBLIC_KEY_PATH, company_pri_file=PRIVATE_KEY_PATH): if company_pub_file: self.company_public_key = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1_openssl_pem(open(company_pub_file).read()) if company_pri_file: self.company_private_key = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(open(company_pri_file).read()) def get_max_length(self, rsa_key, encrypt=True): """加密内容过长时 需要分段加密 换算每一段的长度. :param rsa_key: 钥匙. :param encrypt: 是否是加密. """ blocksize = common.byte_size(rsa_key.n) reserve_size = 11 # 预留位为11 if not encrypt: # 解密时不需要考虑预留位 reserve_size = 0 maxlength = blocksize - reserve_size return maxlength # 加密 支付方公钥 def encrypt_by_public_key(self, message): """使用公钥加密. :param message: 需要加密的内容. 加密之后需要对接过进行base64转码 """ encrypt_result = b'' max_length = self.get_max_length(self.company_public_key) while message: input = message[:max_length] message = message[max_length:] out = rsa.encrypt(input, self.company_public_key) encrypt_result += out encrypt_result = base64.b64encode(encrypt_result) return encrypt_result def decrypt_by_private_key(self, message): """使用私钥解密. :param message: 需要加密的内容. 解密之后的内容直接是字符串,不需要在进行转义 """ decrypt_result = b"" max_length = self.get_max_length(self.company_private_key, False) decrypt_message = base64.b64decode(message) while decrypt_message: input = decrypt_message[:max_length] decrypt_message = decrypt_message[max_length:] out = rsa.decrypt(input, self.company_private_key) decrypt_result += out return decrypt_result # 签名 商户私钥 base64转码 def sign_by_private_key(self, data): """私钥签名. :param data: 需要签名的内容. 使用SHA-1 方法进行签名(也可以使用MD5) 签名之后,需要转义后输出 """ signature = rsa.sign(str(data), priv_key=self.company_private_key, hash='SHA-1') return base64.b64encode(signature) def verify_by_public_key(self, message, signature): """公钥验签. :param message: 验签的内容. :param signature: 对验签内容签名的值(签名之后,会进行b64encode转码,所以验签前也需转码). """ signature = base64.b64decode(signature) return rsa.verify(message, signature, self.company_public_key)
七、ECC加密
# -*- coding:utf-8 *- # author: DYBOY # reference codes: https://blog.dyboy.cn/websecurity/121.html # description: ECC椭圆曲线加密算法实现 """ 考虑K=kG ,其中K、G为椭圆曲线Ep(a,b)上的点,n为G的阶(nG=O∞ ),k为小于n的整数。 则给定k和G,根据加法法则,计算K很容易但反过来,给定K和G,求k就非常困难。 因为实际使用中的ECC原则上把p取得相当大,n也相当大,要把n个解点逐一算出来列成上表是不可能的。 这就是椭圆曲线加密算法的数学依据 点G称为基点(base point) k(k<n)为私有密钥(privte key) K为公开密钥(public key) """ def get_inverse(mu, p): """ 获取y的负元 """ for i in range(1, p): if (i*mu)%p == 1: return i return -1 def get_gcd(zi, mu): """ 获取最大公约数 """ if mu: return get_gcd(mu, zi%mu) else: return zi def get_np(x1, y1, x2, y2, a, p): """ 获取n*p,每次+p,直到求解阶数np=-p """ flag = 1 # 定义符号位(+/-) # 如果 p=q k=(3x2+a)/2y1mod p if x1 == x2 and y1 == y2: zi = 3 * (x1 ** 2) + a # 计算分子 【求导】 mu = 2 * y1 # 计算分母 # 若P≠Q,则k=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1) mod p else: zi = y2 - y1 mu = x2 - x1 if zi* mu < 0: flag = 0 # 符号0为-(负数) zi = abs(zi) mu = abs(mu) # 将分子和分母化为最简 gcd_value = get_gcd(zi, mu) # 最大公約數 zi = zi // gcd_value # 整除 mu = mu // gcd_value # 求分母的逆元 逆元: ∀a ∈G ,ョb∈G 使得 ab = ba = e # P(x,y)的负元是 (x,-y mod p)= (x,p-y) ,有P+(-P)= O∞ inverse_value = get_inverse(mu, p) k = (zi * inverse_value) if flag == 0: # 斜率负数 flag==0 k = -k k = k % p # 计算x3,y3 P+Q """ x3≡k2-x1-x2(mod p) y3≡k(x1-x3)-y1(mod p) """ x3 = (k ** 2 - x1 - x2) % p y3 = (k * (x1 - x3) - y1) % p return x3,y3 def get_rank(x0, y0, a, b, p): """ 获取椭圆曲线的阶 """ x1 = x0 #-p的x坐标 y1 = (-1*y0)%p #-p的y坐标 tempX = x0 tempY = y0 n = 1 while True: n += 1 # 求p+q的和,得到n*p,直到求出阶 p_x,p_y = get_np(tempX, tempY, x0, y0, a, p) # 如果 == -p,那么阶数+1,返回 if p_x == x1 and p_y == y1: return n+1 tempX = p_x tempY = p_y def get_param(x0, a, b, p): """ 计算p与-p """ y0 = -1 for i in range(p): # 满足取模约束条件,椭圆曲线Ep(a,b),p为质数,x,y∈[0,p-1] if i**2%p == (x0**3 + a*x0 + b)%p: y0 = i break # 如果y0没有,返回false if y0 == -1: return False # 计算-y(负数取模) x1 = x0 y1 = (-1*y0) % p return x0,y0,x1,y1 def get_graph(a, b, p): """ 输出椭圆曲线散点图 """ x_y = [] # 初始化二维数组 for i in range(p): x_y.append(['-' for i in range(p)]) for i in range(p): val =get_param(i, a, b, p) # 椭圆曲线上的点 if(val != False): x0,y0,x1,y1 = val x_y[x0][y0] = 1 x_y[x1][y1] = 1 print("椭圆曲线的散列图为:") for i in range(p): # i= 0-> p-1 temp = p-1-i # 倒序 # 格式化输出1/2位数,y坐标轴 if temp >= 10: print(temp, end=" ") else: print(temp, end=" ") # 输出具体坐标的值,一行 for j in range(p): print(x_y[j][temp], end=" ") print("") #换行 # 输出 x 坐标轴 print(" ", end="") for i in range(p): if i >=10: print(i, end=" ") else: print(i, end=" ") print('\n') def get_ng(G_x, G_y, key, a, p): """ 计算nG """ temp_x = G_x temp_y = G_y while key != 1: temp_x,temp_y = get_np(temp_x,temp_y, G_x, G_y, a, p) key -= 1 return temp_x,temp_y def ecc_main(): while True: a = int(input("请输入椭圆曲线参数a(a>0)的值:")) b = int(input("请输入椭圆曲线参数b(b>0)的值:")) p = int(input("请输入椭圆曲线参数p(p为素数)的值:")) #用作模运算 # 条件满足判断 if (4*(a**3)+27*(b**2))%p == 0: print("您输入的参数有误,请重新输入!!!\n") else: break # 输出椭圆曲线散点图 get_graph(a, b, p) # 选点作为G点 print("user1:在如上坐标系中选一个值为G的坐标") G_x = int(input("user1:请输入选取的x坐标值:")) G_y = int(input("user1:请输入选取的y坐标值:")) # 获取椭圆曲线的阶 n = get_rank(G_x, G_y, a, b, p) # user1生成私钥,小key key = int(input("user1:请输入私钥小key(<{}):".format(n))) # user1生成公钥,大KEY KEY_x,kEY_y = get_ng(G_x, G_y, key, a, p) # user2阶段 # user2拿到user1的公钥KEY,Ep(a,b)阶n,加密需要加密的明文数据 # 加密准备 k = int(input("user2:请输入一个整数k(<{})用于求kG和kQ:".format(n))) k_G_x,k_G_y = get_ng(G_x, G_y, k, a, p) # kG k_Q_x,k_Q_y = get_ng(KEY_x, kEY_y, k, a, p) # kQ # 加密 plain_text = input("user2:请输入需要加密的字符串:") plain_text = plain_text.strip() #plain_text = int(input("user1:请输入需要加密的密文:")) c = [] print("密文为:",end="") for char in plain_text: intchar = ord(char) cipher_text = intchar*k_Q_x c.append([k_G_x, k_G_y, cipher_text]) print("({},{}),{}".format(k_G_x, k_G_y, cipher_text),end="-") # user1阶段 # 拿到user2加密的数据进行解密 # 知道 k_G_x,k_G_y,key情况下,求解k_Q_x,k_Q_y是容易的,然后plain_text = cipher_text/k_Q_x print("\nuser1解密得到明文:",end="") for charArr in c: decrypto_text_x,decrypto_text_y = get_ng(charArr[0], charArr[1], key, a, p) print(chr(charArr[2]//decrypto_text_x),end="") if __name__ == "__main__": print("*************ECC椭圆曲线加密*************") ecc_main()