使用 Cactus（Client/Server）

如果要更貼近真實的環境，你可以實際安裝實際部署專案時所用的容器，設定Cactus的Redirect proxy，由TestRunner客戶端去請求Redirect proxy，就測試Servlet而言，只需要在web.xml中設定：

...
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>ServletTestRedirector</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.apache.cactus.server.ServletTestRedirector</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ServletTestRedirector</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/ServletRedirector</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
...

客戶端TestRunner預設會請求伺服端的/ServletRedirector，如果不要這個預設，則可以設定cactus.servletRedirectorName屬性來修改（相關屬性設定與說明，可參考 Cactus Configuration）。

現在，你可以啟動容器，接著你可以在客戶端撰寫測試案例：

package test.cc.openhome;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.apache.cactus.ServletTestCase;
import org.apache.cactus.WebRequest;
import cc.openhome.LoginServlet;

class TestForLoginServlet extends LoginServlet {
    public void doTest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) 
                    throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

class DummyHttpServletRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
    private String forwardToPage;
    private boolean isForwarded;

    public DummyHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        super(request);
    }

    @Override
    public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path) {
        forwardToPage = path;
        return new RequestDispatcher() {
            public void forward(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp)
                    throws ServletException, IOException {
                isForwarded = true;
            }

            public void include(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp)
                    throws ServletException, IOException {
                
            }
        };
    }

    public String getForwardToPage() {
        return forwardToPage;
    }

    public boolean isForwarded() {
        return isForwarded;
    }
}

public class LoginServletTest extends ServletTestCase {
    static {
        System.setProperty(
                "cactus.contextURL", "http://localhost:8080/CactusExample");
    }

    public void beginLoginSuccess(WebRequest request) {
        request.addParameter("user", "justin");
        request.addParameter("passwd", "1234");
    }
    
    public void testLoginSuccess() throws Throwable {
        DummyHttpServletRequest dummyRequest = 
            new DummyHttpServletRequest(request);
        new TestForLoginServlet().doTest(dummyRequest, response);
        assertTrue(dummyRequest.isForwarded());
        assertEquals("success.html", dummyRequest.getForwardToPage());
    }
    
    public void beginLoginFail(WebRequest request) {
        request.addParameter("user", "someone");
        request.addParameter("passwd", "1234");
    }
    
    public void testLoginFail() throws Throwable {
        DummyHttpServletRequest dummyRequest = 
            new DummyHttpServletRequest(request);
        new TestForLoginServlet().doTest(dummyRequest, response);
        assertTrue(dummyRequest.isForwarded());
        assertEquals("login.html", dummyRequest.getForwardToPage());
    }
}

注意，cactus.contextURL是你Redirector proxy所在的應用程式根目錄，接著你就可以使用客戶端TestRunner來測試程式了。

Cactus附帶有伺服端TestRunner，你可以在web.xml中加以設定，以Servlet的伺服端TestRunner來說：
...
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>ServletTestRunner</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.apache.cactus.server.runner.ServletTestRunner</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ServletTestRunner</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/ServletTestRunner</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
...

如此你就可以直接以瀏覽器請求/ServletTestRunner，指定suite參數為測試案例的全名：

http://localhost:8080/CactusExample/
ServletTestRunner?suite=test.cc.openhome.LoginServletTest

預設會以XML傳回測試結果：

也可以直接取得 Cactus網站上提供的 cactus-report.xsl，並將之放在Web應用程式的目錄下，然後使用以下的方式來取得較易閱讀的訊息：

http://localhost:8080/CactusExample/ServletTestRunner?
suite=test.cc.openhome.LoginServletTest&xsl=cactus-report.xsl

一個結果畫面如下所示：

也可以在 web.xml中指定cactus-report.xsl的位置，例如：
...
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>ServletTestRunner</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.apache.cactus.server.runner.ServletTestRunner</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>xsl-stylesheet</param-name>
            <param-value>styles/cactus-report.xsl</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ServletTestRunner</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/ServletTestRunner</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
...

之後在運行測試時可以於網址列中如下指定：
http://localhost:8080/CactusExample/ServletTestRunner?
              suite=test.cc.openhome.LoginServletTest&transform=yes